5.6.4: Official Definition
5.X.X
[RFC3463] (Standards Track) from the The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) definition for codes that start with 5.X.X:
A permanent failure is one which is not likely to be resolved by resending the message in the current form. Some change to the message or the destination must be made for successful delivery.
X.6.X
[RFC3463] (Standards Track) from the The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) definition for codes that end with X.6.X:
This is a warning sent to the sender when message delivery was successfully but when the delivery required a conversion in which some data was lost. This may also be a permanent error if the sender has indicated that conversion with loss is prohibited for the message.